Android 11 introduced stricter scoped storage and system partition protection. Solution: Use Magisk (systemless) – this is the only reliable method for Android 11 and 12 (2021–2022).

For users whose devices do not natively support USB Host mode, the standard procedure involves manually creating or downloading this file and moving it to the system partition, specifically /system/etc/permissions/

Copy the raw content (the XML code shown earlier) into a new text file on your computer. Save it exactly as android.hardware.usb.host.xml .

Even though the search term specifies , the file remains largely unchanged in Android 13, 14, and 15. The 2021 versions correspond to the Android 11 and 12 eras, which were pivotal for USB changes (e.g., the switch to a more secure USB stack). If you find a copy from a 2021 AOSP tag, it is still perfectly compatible with modern Android versions.